Google provides client libraries for Gmail API for several languages, such as Java, JavaScript, .NET, Python, Objective-C, and PHP.

The new version of Gmail -- which was more of a back-end update -- has given developers access to an easy Greasemonkey API that makes developing plugins or changing the appearance of Gmail a breeze.

Enable the Gmail API and download the credentials file in JSON format. This file will allow your Python scripts to authenticate and securely interact with your Gmail account.